17-1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
01. What was FDR’s domestic program called?
New Deal
02. What was the first domestic protest FDR faced?
Second Bonus March
03. What did FDR immediately provide for the Bonus Marchers?
Campsites
04. Who made a surprised visit at the Bonus Marchers’ campsites?
Eleanor Roosevelt
05. When did FDR make his first inaugural address?
March 4, 1933
06. According to FDR, what was the only thing the American populace feared?
Fear
07. What name was given to FDR’s radio addresses to the nation?
Fireside Chats
08. Though the radio chats provided very little substance, they did what for the people?
Made them feel better
09. FDR promised the people “bold and persistent” what?
Experimentation
10. When FDR promised a new deal at the Democratic national convention, what was it?
He did not know
11. What name was given for the start of FDR’s administration due to the passage of numerous programs?
100 Days
12. Many of the items during the First Hundred Days were based on which previous programs?
World War I/Hoover/State Governors
13. Which political faction was important in helping to create and administer the New Deal?
Progressives
14. FDR’s first concern was to create public confidence in what?
Banks
15. FDR’s first executive order was to call for what?
Bank Holiday (closing of the banks)
16. Which Congressional law gave the federal government the power to inspect the financial health of all banks before they could be reopened?
Emergency Banking Act
17. What does FDIC mean (Insured Individual’s Deposits)?
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
18. After attacking the bank issue, FDR wanted to replenish what?
Relief Agencies
19. What did FERA stand for (first relief agency under FDR)?
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
20. Within two hours, the FERA distributed how many dollars?
$5 Million
21. Who led the FERA?
Harry Hopkins
22. Which term refers to government-funded projects to build public facilities?
Public Works Programs
23. What did CWA stand for (first public works under FDR)?
Civil Works Administration
24. Give three examples of items created by the CWA.
Roads/Parks/Airports
25. What did CCC stand for (focused on conservation of the environment)?
Civilian Conservation Corps
26. How much were CCC workers paid?
$1 Day
27. Besides money, what did CCC workers receive?
Board/Job Training
28. Eventually, there was a program similar to the CCC for women due to whom?
Eleanor Roosevelt
29. Who led programs during the New Deal to help Native Americans?
John Collier
30. Which position did John Collier hold in the FDR administration?
Commissioner of Indian Affairs
31. Which law issued during the FDR administration reestablished the right to Indian reservations?
Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
32. The Indian Reorganization Act overruled which previous law?
Dawes Act (1887)
33. What does NIRA stand for (First Created to Help Industry)?
National Industrial Recovery Act
34. Under the NIRA, what was done to help labor?
Minimum Wage/Collective Bargaining
35. The NIRA allowed many trade associations to control which four areas?
Wages/Working Conditions/Production/Prices
36. Though the NIRA resulted in maintaining a constant price level, inflation would increase again when industry increased what?
Wages
37. What did NRA stand for (Implemented the NIRA)?
National Recovery Administration
38. What were the two main complaints against the NIRA?
Codes too complicated/NRA control too rigid
39. What was the most successful part of the NIRA? What did the acronym stand for?
PWA
Public Works Administration
40. Who directed the PWA?
Harold Ickes
41. Which cabinet post did Harold Ickes hold in the FDR administration?
Secretary of Interior
42. Which New Deal legislation required full disclosure of information about stock offered for sale?
Federal Securities Act
43. Which group was created to regulate the stock market?
SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)
44. Which group received the power to regulate the purchase of stock on margin?
Federal Reserve
45. Which New Deal program refinanced mortgages of middle-income homeowners?
HOLC
46. What does HOLC stand for?
Home Owners Loan Corporation
47. Which New Deal program was created to raise farm prices?
AAA
48. What did AAA stand for?
Agricultural Adjustment Administration
49. The AAA paid farmers to do what?
Not to grow certain crops and animals
50. What paid for the AAA?
New Tax
51. Why were many American opposed to the AAA?
Farmers destroyed crops and animals
52. Name the most successful New Deal program.
TVA
53. What did TVA stand for?
Tennessee Valley Authority
54. How did the TVA provide relatively cheap power?
Hydroelectric Power
55. The TVA used hydroelectric plants that were created when?
WWI
56. The TVA provided services for how many states?
9
57. FDR’s informal group of intellectuals who helped Roosevelt devise policies were called what?
Brain Trust
58. Name the three members of FDR’s Brain Trust?
Raymond Moley/Adolf A. Berle/Rexford G. Tugwell
59. Who was the first woman cabinet member?
Frances Perkins
60. Which position in FDR’s cabinet did Frances Perkins hold?
Secretary of Labor
61. Eleanor Roosevelt made a famous stand by violating which southern law?
Jim Crow
62. Name the African-American woman that held the highest position in FDR’s administration?
Mary McLeod Bethune
63. Bethune was a major force behind the forming of the Federal Council on Negro Affairs which was better known as what?
Black Cabinet
64. Which group gives the Spingarn Medal, which was won by Bethune?
NAACP
65. Who warned against “a state-controlled or state-directed social or economic system”?
Hoover
66. What was the original criticism against the New Deal?
No lasting change
67. Which New Deal was ruled unconstitutional first?
NRA
68. The NRA was found unconstitutional for two reasons. Name them.
Gave President law-making powers/Regulated intrastate commerce
69. Name the second New Deal program found unconstitutional.
AAA
70. The Supreme Court found the AAA unconstitutional because of what?
Tax
71. Though many politicians were attacking the New Deal, support was shown in which election?
1934 Midterm Election
72. When did FDR start the Second New Deal?
1935
73. The Second New Deal was in response to what?
Critics
74. The 2nd New Deal consisted of which four things?
Welfare Benefits/Business Controls/Union Support/Increased Taxes on Wealthy
75. Name the first relief program in the 2nd New Deal?
WPA
76. What did WPA stand for?
Works Progress Administration
77. The most controversial part of the WPA was it financing of what?
Artists and Writers
78. Which agency was created to loan money to tenant farmers, sharecroppers, and other small farmers?
Resettlement Administration
79. Who led the Resettlement Administration?
Rexford Tugwell
80. Which agency replaced the Resettlement Administration?
FSA (Farm Security Administration)
81. The FSA loaned approximately how much money to farmers?
$1 Billion
82. The FSA created camps for whom?
Migrant Workers
83. Which part of the NIRA granted collective bargaining?
Section 7a
84. Which law replaced Section 7a of the NIRA?
National Labor Relations Act
85. What is another name for the National Labor Relations Act?
Wagner Act
86. Which position in the government did Robert Wagner hold? Which state?
Senator—New York
87. The Wagner Act legalized which five laws for labor?
Closed Shops/Collective Bargaining/Outlawed Spying/Blacklisting/NLRB
88. Which term refers to places where all workers must join the union?
Closed Shop
89. Which term refers to an agreement among owners not to hire certain union leaders?
Blacklisting
90. The Wagner Act created which agency to enforce its provisions?
NLRB
91. What does NLRB stand for?
National Labor Relations Board
92. The Fair Labor Standards Act banned what? Established what?
Child Labor/Minimum Wage
93. Which New Deal legislation provided pensions for the elderly?
Social Security Act
94. Besides pensions, name the other three key items of the Social Security Act?
Survivor’s benefits for victims of industrial accidents—unemployment insurance—aid for dependent children, the blind, and the physically disabled
95. The Social Security Act was funded by contributions from whom?
Workers/Owners
96. Who was excluded from the original Social Security Act?
Farmers/Domestic Workers
97. Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 1936?
Alfred Landon
98. FDR carried every state in the 1936 election with the exception of which two?
Maine/Vermont
99. Who was the main third party candidate for the presidency in 1936? Which party?
Norman Thomas/Socialist
100. The 1936 election created a new Democratic coalition that included what five groups?
Farmers/Immigrants/Labor/African-Americans/Women
New Deal
02. What was the first domestic protest FDR faced?
Second Bonus March
03. What did FDR immediately provide for the Bonus Marchers?
Campsites
04. Who made a surprised visit at the Bonus Marchers’ campsites?
Eleanor Roosevelt
05. When did FDR make his first inaugural address?
March 4, 1933
06. According to FDR, what was the only thing the American populace feared?
Fear
07. What name was given to FDR’s radio addresses to the nation?
Fireside Chats
08. Though the radio chats provided very little substance, they did what for the people?
Made them feel better
09. FDR promised the people “bold and persistent” what?
Experimentation
10. When FDR promised a new deal at the Democratic national convention, what was it?
He did not know
11. What name was given for the start of FDR’s administration due to the passage of numerous programs?
100 Days
12. Many of the items during the First Hundred Days were based on which previous programs?
World War I/Hoover/State Governors
13. Which political faction was important in helping to create and administer the New Deal?
Progressives
14. FDR’s first concern was to create public confidence in what?
Banks
15. FDR’s first executive order was to call for what?
Bank Holiday (closing of the banks)
16. Which Congressional law gave the federal government the power to inspect the financial health of all banks before they could be reopened?
Emergency Banking Act
17. What does FDIC mean (Insured Individual’s Deposits)?
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
18. After attacking the bank issue, FDR wanted to replenish what?
Relief Agencies
19. What did FERA stand for (first relief agency under FDR)?
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
20. Within two hours, the FERA distributed how many dollars?
$5 Million
21. Who led the FERA?
Harry Hopkins
22. Which term refers to government-funded projects to build public facilities?
Public Works Programs
23. What did CWA stand for (first public works under FDR)?
Civil Works Administration
24. Give three examples of items created by the CWA.
Roads/Parks/Airports
25. What did CCC stand for (focused on conservation of the environment)?
Civilian Conservation Corps
26. How much were CCC workers paid?
$1 Day
27. Besides money, what did CCC workers receive?
Board/Job Training
28. Eventually, there was a program similar to the CCC for women due to whom?
Eleanor Roosevelt
29. Who led programs during the New Deal to help Native Americans?
John Collier
30. Which position did John Collier hold in the FDR administration?
Commissioner of Indian Affairs
31. Which law issued during the FDR administration reestablished the right to Indian reservations?
Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
32. The Indian Reorganization Act overruled which previous law?
Dawes Act (1887)
33. What does NIRA stand for (First Created to Help Industry)?
National Industrial Recovery Act
34. Under the NIRA, what was done to help labor?
Minimum Wage/Collective Bargaining
35. The NIRA allowed many trade associations to control which four areas?
Wages/Working Conditions/Production/Prices
36. Though the NIRA resulted in maintaining a constant price level, inflation would increase again when industry increased what?
Wages
37. What did NRA stand for (Implemented the NIRA)?
National Recovery Administration
38. What were the two main complaints against the NIRA?
Codes too complicated/NRA control too rigid
39. What was the most successful part of the NIRA? What did the acronym stand for?
PWA
Public Works Administration
40. Who directed the PWA?
Harold Ickes
41. Which cabinet post did Harold Ickes hold in the FDR administration?
Secretary of Interior
42. Which New Deal legislation required full disclosure of information about stock offered for sale?
Federal Securities Act
43. Which group was created to regulate the stock market?
SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)
44. Which group received the power to regulate the purchase of stock on margin?
Federal Reserve
45. Which New Deal program refinanced mortgages of middle-income homeowners?
HOLC
46. What does HOLC stand for?
Home Owners Loan Corporation
47. Which New Deal program was created to raise farm prices?
AAA
48. What did AAA stand for?
Agricultural Adjustment Administration
49. The AAA paid farmers to do what?
Not to grow certain crops and animals
50. What paid for the AAA?
New Tax
51. Why were many American opposed to the AAA?
Farmers destroyed crops and animals
52. Name the most successful New Deal program.
TVA
53. What did TVA stand for?
Tennessee Valley Authority
54. How did the TVA provide relatively cheap power?
Hydroelectric Power
55. The TVA used hydroelectric plants that were created when?
WWI
56. The TVA provided services for how many states?
9
57. FDR’s informal group of intellectuals who helped Roosevelt devise policies were called what?
Brain Trust
58. Name the three members of FDR’s Brain Trust?
Raymond Moley/Adolf A. Berle/Rexford G. Tugwell
59. Who was the first woman cabinet member?
Frances Perkins
60. Which position in FDR’s cabinet did Frances Perkins hold?
Secretary of Labor
61. Eleanor Roosevelt made a famous stand by violating which southern law?
Jim Crow
62. Name the African-American woman that held the highest position in FDR’s administration?
Mary McLeod Bethune
63. Bethune was a major force behind the forming of the Federal Council on Negro Affairs which was better known as what?
Black Cabinet
64. Which group gives the Spingarn Medal, which was won by Bethune?
NAACP
65. Who warned against “a state-controlled or state-directed social or economic system”?
Hoover
66. What was the original criticism against the New Deal?
No lasting change
67. Which New Deal was ruled unconstitutional first?
NRA
68. The NRA was found unconstitutional for two reasons. Name them.
Gave President law-making powers/Regulated intrastate commerce
69. Name the second New Deal program found unconstitutional.
AAA
70. The Supreme Court found the AAA unconstitutional because of what?
Tax
71. Though many politicians were attacking the New Deal, support was shown in which election?
1934 Midterm Election
72. When did FDR start the Second New Deal?
1935
73. The Second New Deal was in response to what?
Critics
74. The 2nd New Deal consisted of which four things?
Welfare Benefits/Business Controls/Union Support/Increased Taxes on Wealthy
75. Name the first relief program in the 2nd New Deal?
WPA
76. What did WPA stand for?
Works Progress Administration
77. The most controversial part of the WPA was it financing of what?
Artists and Writers
78. Which agency was created to loan money to tenant farmers, sharecroppers, and other small farmers?
Resettlement Administration
79. Who led the Resettlement Administration?
Rexford Tugwell
80. Which agency replaced the Resettlement Administration?
FSA (Farm Security Administration)
81. The FSA loaned approximately how much money to farmers?
$1 Billion
82. The FSA created camps for whom?
Migrant Workers
83. Which part of the NIRA granted collective bargaining?
Section 7a
84. Which law replaced Section 7a of the NIRA?
National Labor Relations Act
85. What is another name for the National Labor Relations Act?
Wagner Act
86. Which position in the government did Robert Wagner hold? Which state?
Senator—New York
87. The Wagner Act legalized which five laws for labor?
Closed Shops/Collective Bargaining/Outlawed Spying/Blacklisting/NLRB
88. Which term refers to places where all workers must join the union?
Closed Shop
89. Which term refers to an agreement among owners not to hire certain union leaders?
Blacklisting
90. The Wagner Act created which agency to enforce its provisions?
NLRB
91. What does NLRB stand for?
National Labor Relations Board
92. The Fair Labor Standards Act banned what? Established what?
Child Labor/Minimum Wage
93. Which New Deal legislation provided pensions for the elderly?
Social Security Act
94. Besides pensions, name the other three key items of the Social Security Act?
Survivor’s benefits for victims of industrial accidents—unemployment insurance—aid for dependent children, the blind, and the physically disabled
95. The Social Security Act was funded by contributions from whom?
Workers/Owners
96. Who was excluded from the original Social Security Act?
Farmers/Domestic Workers
97. Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 1936?
Alfred Landon
98. FDR carried every state in the 1936 election with the exception of which two?
Maine/Vermont
99. Who was the main third party candidate for the presidency in 1936? Which party?
Norman Thomas/Socialist
100. The 1936 election created a new Democratic coalition that included what five groups?
Farmers/Immigrants/Labor/African-Americans/Women